Growing empirical evidence suggests that nutrition and bacterial metabolites might impact the systemic immune response in the context of disease and autoimmunity. We report that long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) enhanced differentiation and proliferation of T helper 1 (Th1) and/or Th17 cells and impaired their intestinal sequestration via p38-MAPK pathway. Alternatively, dietary short-chain FAs (SCFAs) expanded gut T regulatory (Treg) cells by suppression of the JNK1 and p38 pathway. We used experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a model of T cell-mediated autoimmunity to show that LCFAs consistently decreased SCFAs in the gut and exacerbated disease by expanding pathogenic Th1 and/or Th17 cell populations in the small intestine. Treatment with SCFAs ameliorated EAE and reduced axonal damage via long-lasting imprinting on lamina-propria-derived Treg cells. These data demonstrate a direct dietary impact on intestinal-specific, and subsequently central nervous system-specific, Th cell responses in autoimmunity, and thus might have therapeutic implications for autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Here, fatty acids (FAs), as an integral component of daily diet, have become a primary focus of investigation. Of particular interest is the role of short-chain FAs (SCFAs), which are broken down by gut bacteria from otherwise indigestible carbohydrates, i.e., from fibre-rich diets, and have been shown to ameliorate disease in animals. Furthermore, long-chain FAs (LCFAs), the most abundant component of the so-called Western diet, have been suspected as a culprit in various diseases.
WARNING. This first belief led to people loosing their fingers and toes when used in humans because it was a bonkers idea. Hower to be fair the SCFA are not going to work like this. CD28 superagonists works by the weed killer effect stimulating the cells to grow like crazy and turn themselves off They may have make mre T regs but in doing the former they were going to make a cytokine storm that shut done blood vessels causing gangrene and loss of digits. This should never have been tried in humans as the effect of anti-CD3 which does the same thing was known.
Hi, I am an MS patient only just beginning to educate myself and attemt to read the scientific literature on MS. I don't understand any of your warning paragraph and would love to know more. I would also love to have your thoughts on this study and whether it might potentialy have some benefit for MS? http://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/abstract/S1934-5909(14)00151-9
I would say stick to a healthy diet, long-term fasting in mice is not a signal to start doing this